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PostGIS ajoute le support d'objets géographique à la base de données PostgreSQL. En effet, PostGIS "spatialise" le serverur PostgreSQL, ce qui permet de l'utiliser comme une base de données SIG.

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source: trunk/workshop-foss4g/postgis-functions.rst @ 50

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[1]1.. _postgis-functions:
2
3Appendix A: PostGIS Functions
4=============================
5
6Constructors
7------------
8
9:command:`ST_MakePoint(Longitude, Latitude)` 
10  Returns a new point. Note the order of the coordinates (longitude then latitude).
11
12:command:`ST_GeomFromText(WellKnownText, srid)`
13  Returns a new geometry from a standard WKT string and srid.
14
15:command:`ST_SetSRID(geometry, srid)`
16  Updates the srid on a geometry.  Returns the same geometry.  This does not alter the coordinates of the geometry, it just updates the srid. This function is useful for conditioning geometries created without an srid.
17
18:command:`ST_Expand(geometry, Radius)`
19  Returns a new geometry that is an expanded bounding box of the input geometry.  This function is useful for creating envelopes for use in indexed searches.
20
21Outputs
22-------
23
24:command:`ST_AsText(geometry)`
25  Returns a geometry in a human-readable text format.
26
27:command:`ST_AsGML(geometry)`
28  Returns a geometry in standard OGC :term:`GML` format.
29
30:command:`ST_AsGeoJSON(geometry)`
31  Returns a geometry to a standard `GeoJSON <http://geojson.org>`_ format.
32
33Measurements
34------------
35
36:command:`ST_Area(geometry)`
37  Returns the area of the geometry in the units of the spatial reference system.
38
39:command:`ST_Length(geometry)`
40  Returns the length of the geometry in the units of the spatial reference system.
41
42:command:`ST_Perimeter(geometry)`
43  Returns the perimeter of the geometry in the units of the spatial reference system.
44
45:command:`ST_NumPoints(linestring)`
46  Returns the number of vertices in a linestring.
47
48:command:`ST_NumRings(polygon)`
49  Returns the number of rings in a polygon.
50
51:command:`ST_NumGeometries(geometry)` 
52  Returns the number of geometries in a geometry collection.
53
54Relationships
55-------------
56
57:command:`ST_Distance(geometry, geometry)`
58  Returns the distance between two geometries in the units of the spatial reference system.
59
60:command:`ST_DWithin(geometry, geometry, radius)` 
61  Returns true if the geometries are within the radius distance of one another, otherwise false.
62
63:command:`ST_Intersects(geometry, geometry)`
64  Returns true if the geometries are not disjoint, otherwise false.
65
66:command:`ST_Contains(geometry, geometry)`
67  Returns true if the first geometry fully contains the second geometry, otherwise false.
68
69:command:`ST_Crosses(geometry, geometry)`
70  Returns true if a line or polygon boundary crosses another line or polygon boundary, otherwise false.
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